The Long-Term Progressive Increase in the Resistance of Memories to Disruption

question 29

Multiple Choice

The long-term progressive increase in the resistance of memories to disruption by electroconvulsive shock was demonstrated in a study by Squire, Slater, and Chace (1975) in which the memory for __________ was assessed.

• A) digits
• B) faces
• C) shocks
• D) television shows that played for only one year
• E) names

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Definitions:

Synapses

Connections among neurons, usually between the dendrite of one neuron and the axon of another neuron, or between the dendrites of one neuron and the cell body of a second neuron. At the synapse there is a gap between neurons, which can be bridged by chemicals called neurotransmitters.

Myelination

The phenomenon in which glial cells wrap themselves around the axons of neurons, providing an insulating sheath that facilitates the conduction of electrical impulses.

Methylation

An epigenetic change that makes the expression of a gene less likely. It involves the addition of a methyl group (an organic molecule) to DNA, either to the coded gene or to regulatory DNA. Or, it can involve the addition of a methyl group to histones that bind with DNA.

Epigenetic Change

Modifications in gene expression caused by mechanisms other than changes in the underlying DNA sequence, influenced by environmental factors.