The Design of Laparoscopic Instruments Aims to Provide a Clamping,cutting,dissecting,electrocoagulating,suturing,or

question 26

Multiple Choice

The design of laparoscopic instruments aims to provide a clamping,cutting,dissecting,electrocoagulating,suturing,or stapling instrument on the tip of a shaft that is long or short enough to reach the target tissue.The hand control on the surgeon's end of the instrument is engineered to provide:

• A) ergonomic comfort and control.
• B) smooth operation of the lubricated instrument tips to prevent tissue adherence or entrapment.
• C) a perception of haptic and tactile sense to prevent crushing or losing tissue.
• D) adaptors for monopolar electrosurgery connection and laser fibers.

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Definitions:

Normal Distributions

A type of continuous probability distribution for a real-valued random variable that is symmetric and describes data that cluster around a mean.

Matched Pairs

An experimental design where each subject is paired with another subject that has similar characteristics, but one receives the treatment and the other does not.

Pooled Variance

A method to estimate the variance of two or more populations that assumes the populations have the same variance but different means.

Test Statistic

A value calculated from sample data during a hypothesis test that is used to determine the probability of observing the sampled data under the null hypothesis.