Lehman's Work Age and Achievement Was Published in 1953

question 10

Essay

Lehman's work Age and Achievement was published in 1953. Consider the historical context during which Lehman conducted his research, and discuss his findings on the relationship between age and achievement. What are some possible explanations for Lehman's findings? If Lehman were to conduct his study in 2016, do you think the findings would be the same?

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Definitions:

Formal Reasoning

The process of following a set of rigorous procedures or rules to arrive at a conclusion, often used in mathematics and logic.

Inductive Reasoning

A method of reasoning in which specific observations or measurements are used to make general conclusions or theories.

Formal Reasoning

The process of thinking logically and methodically about abstract concepts, often using systems of rules.

Informal Reasoning

The process of thinking about something in a non-structured or non-formal way, often based on personal judgment or experience.