In 1990, the Federal Hate Crime Statistics Act Was Passed

question 24

Multiple Choice

In 1990, the Federal Hate Crime Statistics Act was passed, mandating that the Justice -Department secure data on crimes related to religion, race, sexual orientation, or ethnicity.Although the laws vary considerably, the most common elements include all of the following except:

• A)enhanced penalties for common law crimes against persons based on race, ethnicity, -religion, gender, or sexual orientation.
• B)criminal penalties for vandalism of religious institutions.
• C)expanded criminal investigation strategies.
• D)collection of data on bias crimes.

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Definitions:

Socially Constructed

The concept that ideas, meanings, or values are created through interactions within a society rather than inherently existing.

Significant Others

Those with whom we have a close affiliation.

Symbolic Interaction Theory

A sociological perspective that emphasizes the role of symbols and language as core elements of all human interaction, focusing on how people create and maintain their social realities.

Differential Reinforcement

A behavioral technique that reinforces desirable behavior while withholding reinforcement for undesirable behavior.