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Answer each part of the following questions with succinct and comprehensive information by citing examples of various models, laws, and justice theories in your answer.
-A modern perspective,called crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED),bears a strong resemblance to earlier ecological theories.CPTED,which was first formulated in the 1960s and 1970s,focuses on the settings in which crimes occur and on techniques for reducing vulnerability within those settings.Discuss the pros and cons of CEPTED and make a decision as to the viability of such thought.
Primary Reinforcer
A naturally reinforcing stimulus, like food or water, that satisfies a basic biological need.
Variable-Ratio
A reinforcement schedule where a response is reinforced after an unpredictable number of responses, making it highly effective in maintaining behavior.
Fixed-Ratio
A schedule of reinforcement where a response is reinforced only after a specified number of responses, often used in behavior modification.
Stimulus Generalization
The psychological phenomenon whereby a response to a specific stimulus becomes associated with other stimuli, leading to a similar response.
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