If Utility Is Measured in a Way That Not Only

question 5

Multiple Choice

If utility is measured in a way that not only the utility numbers assigned to bundles are meaningful, but also their differences, then we say that we are using

• A) cardinal utility
• B) ordinal utility
• C) expected utility

---

Definitions:

Aluminum Concentrations

The amount of aluminum present in a substance or environment, typically measured in parts per million (ppm) or milligrams per liter (mg/L).

Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test

A non-parametric statistical hypothesis test used when comparing two paired samples to assess whether their population mean ranks differ.

Null Hypothesis

The premise in statistical testing that proposes there is no effect or no difference, serving as the basis for assessing observational data.

Heavy Pollution

Refers to a high level of contamination in the environment, often caused by industrial, agricultural, or urban activities, that can harm human health and ecosystems.