When a DBMS Cannot Enforce Data and Access Restrictions, How

question 16

Multiple Choice

When a DBMS cannot enforce data and access restrictions, how should they be enforced?

• A) by users when they are entering data using the DBMS
• B) by peripheral programs written to access the database
• C) by the operating system used to run the DBMS
• D) by technicians who monitor database usage

Distinguish between cost centers and profit centers and their impact on organizational structure and performance evaluation.

Explain the concept of a responsibility accounting system and its role in organizational accountability and performance measurement.

Understand the operational distinctions between periodic and perpetual inventory systems.

Recognize the impact of inventory cost flow assumptions (LIFO, FIFO, and weighted average) on financial statements.

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Definitions:

Gonads

The ovaries in females and the testes in males; endocrine glands that produce sex hormones.

Phenotype

The observable characteristics or traits of an organism, resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment.

Actual Characteristics

The real, observable traits or features of an object, person, or concept.

Sex Chromosomes

Chromosomes that determine the genetic sex of an organism, typically denoted as XX for females and XY for males in many species.