Which of the Following Statements Is True About the Historical

question 51

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements is true about the historical trends in organization structure?

• A) Japanese organizations historically have had more middle managers and taller structures than American organizations.
• B) Over the past 25 years many American organizations have adopted flatter structures with wider spans of control.
• C) As organizations grow and experience success, they tend to evolve into increasingly simple and lean structures.
• D) Beginning in the early 1980s emphasis has shifted to the concept of a tall form and more staff from a flat form and a lean staff.
• E) Toyota has historically had many levels of management than has General Motors, Ford, or Chrysler.

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Definitions:

Mary Wollstonecraft

An 18th-century British writer, philosopher, and advocate of women's rights, best known for her work "A Vindication of the Rights of Woman."

Simone de Beauvoir

A French writer, philosopher, and feminist, known for her work on existentialism and feminism, notably "The Second Sex."

Communitarians

Advocates for the importance of community in the formulation of individual rights and values, emphasizing social cohesion and communal responsibilities.

Social Contract

A theory or model, originating during the Age of Enlightenment, that typically concerns the legitimacy of the authority of the state over the individual, positing that individuals consent, either explicitly or tacitly, to surrender some of their freedoms in exchange for protection of remaining rights.