When Are Surrogate Marker Tests Useful

question 13

Multiple Choice

When are surrogate marker tests useful?

• A)When the required test is too expensive
• B)When direct testing is not yet available
• C)If the required test detects too many false-positive results
• D)When the internal controls are not valid

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Definitions:

Intravenous Pyelography

A radiographic examination of the kidneys, ureters, and urinary bladder using intravenous contrast material to view these structures.

Radiopaque Substance

A material that does not allow X-rays or other forms of radiation to pass through, appearing white or light on a radiograph.

Cystoscopy

A diagnostic procedure that allows the doctor to examine the bladder and the urethra using a thin, lighted instrument called a cystoscope.

Prefix Dys-

A prefix in medical terminology denoting a difficulty, pain, or abnormality in the function of a specified body part or system.