Consider the Following Scenario When Answering the Following Questions

question 134

Multiple Choice

Consider the following scenario when answering the following questions:
In 2000,researchers Brigitte Madrian and Dennis Shea analyzed the 401(k) savings behavior of employees in a large U.S.corporation before and after an interesting change in the company 401(k) plan.
Before the plan change,employees were not automatically enrolled as participants in the company 401(k) plan upon being hired and were required to complete paperwork if they wanted to opt in.After the plan change,new employees were automatically enrolled in the 401(k) plan and were required to complete paperwork if they wanted to opt out.The amount of time and effort required to either opt in or opt out was approximately equal.None of the economic features of the plan changed.
-The researchers found that 401(k) participation is significantly higher under automatic enrollment.One possible explanation for this finding is that

• A) there was a large shift in the employees' preferences for savings the day plan changes were implemented.
• B) framing effects have no influence in employee 401(k)participation decisions.
• C) framing effects have a significant influence in employee 401(k)participation decisions.
• D) employees will always choose whether to participate based entirely on the economic features of the plan,not the way the decision to participate is framed.
• E) employees are acting rationally in the context of standard economic models.

Understand the concept of physiological needs creating aroused states that drive behavior.

Appreciate the role of evolutionary psychology in explaining species-typical behaviors.

Understand the concept of sampling distributions including the F distribution and chi-square distribution in the context of hypothesis testing.

Formulate null and alternative hypotheses for testing population variance.

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Definitions:

Practical

Denotes something that is oriented towards action or utility, often emphasizing effectiveness and convenience in real-life situations.

Good Theory

A well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world that is acquired through the scientific method and repeatedly tested and confirmed through observation and experimentation.

Operational Definition

A clear, precise way of defining a concept by specifying the operations or procedures used to measure or identify it.

Variable

An element, feature, or factor that is likely to vary or change in value between different individuals or under different conditions.