Which of the Following Is Implied When It Is Said

question 51

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is implied when it is said that city and county governmental units are "creatures of state government?"​ 

• A) It means that the local governments are given all-pervading powers by the U.S. Constitution.​ 
• B) ​It means that state governments can both give powers to and take powers from local governments. 
• C) It means that the state government is part of a confederal system. 
• D) ​It means that the local governments are created by a special statute of the national government. 
• E) It means that the local governments are part of a confederal system.

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Definitions:

Conditioned Stimulus

A previously neutral stimulus that, after becoming associated with an unconditioned stimulus, eventually comes to trigger a conditioned response.

Neutral Stimulus

A stimulus that initially produces no specific response other than focusing attention, until it becomes associated with an unconditioned stimulus through classical conditioning.

Classical Conditioning

A learning process that occurs through associations between an environmental stimulus and a naturally occurring stimulus.

Negative Reinforcement

Increasing behaviors by stopping or reducing negative stimuli. A negative reinforcer is any stimulus that, when removed after a response, strengthens the response. (Note: negative reinforcement is not punishment.)