The Two Contingencies of Reinforcement That Are Designed to Decrease

question 80

Multiple Choice

The two contingencies of reinforcement that are designed to decrease undesired behaviors are

• A) punishment and extinction.
• B) negative reinforcement and extinction.
• C) punishment and positive reinforcement.
• D) punishment and performance-avoid orientation.
• E) negative reinforcement and performance-avoid orientation.

Recognize the significance of creativity and strategies to enhance it.

Comprehend the impact of stereotypes on performance and intelligence perceptions.

Understand the methods and importance of cognitive neuroscience in studying the brain's role in cognition.

Recognize various theories of intelligence and their implications.

---

Definitions:

Basilic

Often related to the basilic vein, which is a large vein on the upper arm that helps drain parts of the hand and forearm.

Vertebral Artery

The vertebral artery is one of the major arteries of the neck that supplies blood to the brain, particularly the posterior portion, including the cerebellum and the brainstem.

Posterior Cerebral Artery

A blood vessel that supplies blood to the occipital lobe of the brain, important for vision.

Innominate Artery

Another term for the brachiocephalic artery, which is a major blood vessel that supplies blood to the right arm and the right side of the head and neck.