The Two Contingencies of Reinforcement That Are Designed to Decrease

question 80

Multiple Choice

The two contingencies of reinforcement that are designed to decrease undesired behaviors are

• A) punishment and extinction.
• B) negative reinforcement and extinction.
• C) punishment and positive reinforcement.
• D) punishment and performance-avoid orientation.
• E) negative reinforcement and performance-avoid orientation.

Describe the role of social support and types of assistance in the context of change and stress reduction.

Examine the impact of optimism and pessimism on health and stress management.

Understand the relationship between personality traits and health behaviors.

Explain the benefits of coping strategies and the general adaptation syndrome in managing stress.

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Definitions:

Intrapersonal Communication

The process of internally reflecting and conversing with oneself, affecting one's thoughts and emotions.

Communication Apprehension

The fear or anxiety associated with real or anticipated communication with others.

Visualization

The process of making an image or idea visible to the mind, often used in problem-solving or achieving goals.

Letting Go

The process of releasing attachment to tangible or intangible possessions, memories, or emotions.