Which of the Following Is True of Instrumentation Threats

question 10

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is true of instrumentation threats?

• A) They are the same as testing threats.
• B) They occur only when using mechanical instruments (e.g., blood pressure cuffs, scales).
• C) They can be avoided with one-group, pretest/posttest designs.
• D) They are only problematic in observational research.
• E) None of the above are true.

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