Case 2.3 Tammy Is an Unemployed Probationer. Her Probation Officer Has Noted

question 23

Multiple Choice

Case 2.3
Tammy is an unemployed probationer. Her probation officer has noted several times that she has been seen in the company of three girlfriends at a local park. She has a long record of convictions for various misdemeanor and felony crimes. Tammy is sentenced to three years in prison based on the following statute: “Any person not engaged in any lawful occupation, known to be a member of any gang consisting of two or more persons, who has been convicted at least three times of being a disorderly person, or who has been convicted of any crime, in this or in any other State, is declared to be a gangster….”

-Tammy's conviction is overturned based on the​

• A) ​ex post facto doctrine.
• B) ​void-for-vagueness doctrine.
• C) ​habeas doctrine.
• D) ​felony failure doctrine.

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Definitions:

p < .05

A statistical term indicating that the probability of the observed data, or more extreme, if the null hypothesis were true, is less than 5%, often used as a threshold for statistical significance.

Experimental Group

In research, a group of subjects who receive the treatment or variable being tested for its effect.

Control Group

The group in an experiment or study that does not receive the experimental treatment, serving as a baseline for comparison with the experimental group.

Mathematical Summaries

The use of statistics, such as mean, median, mode, and range, to provide a comprehensive overview of numerical data.