Rice,Thapar,and Colleagues (2007,2009)attempted to Uncouple the Effects of Genetics and the Effects

question 63

Multiple Choice

Rice,Thapar,and colleagues (2007,2009) attempted to uncouple the effects of genetics and the effects of smoking while pregnant on birth weight and elevated antisocial behavior.They found that

• A)birth weight was unrelated to smoking.
• B)antisocial behaviors elevated the risk for smoking.
• C)antisocial behavior could be linked to genes but not to smoking.
• D)genetic factors appear to cause smoking.

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Definitions:

Artificialism

A belief, typically held by children, that environmental features were made by people.

Preoperational Children

Describes children in Piaget's stage of cognitive development, typically aged 2-7, characterized by symbolic thinking and difficulty understanding other perspectives.

Three-mountain Test

A cognitive development test designed by Jean Piaget to assess a child's ability to understand perspectives different from their own.

Reversibility

According to Piaget, recognition that processes can be undone, leaving things as they were before. Reversibility is a factor in conservation of the properties of substances.