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The Patient Has Been in Chronic Heart Failure for the Past

question 6

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The patient has been in chronic heart failure for the past 10 years.He has been treated with beta-blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors as well as diuretics.His symptoms have recently worsened,and he presents to the ED with severe shortness of breath and crackles throughout his lung fields.His respirations are labored and arterial blood gases show that he is at risk for respiratory failure.Which of the following therapies may be used for acute,short-term management of the patient? (Select all that apply) .


Definitions:

Nerve Fibers

Extensions of neurons that transmit electrochemical signals throughout the nervous system, enabling communication and response to stimuli.

Transduction

The process of converting one form of energy into another, or in biology, the transfer of genetic material from one organism to another.

Triple Cardiac Bypass

A surgical procedure to improve blood flow to the heart by diverting blood around narrowed or blocked arteries using graft vessels.

Incision Sites

Locations on the body where cuts have been made during surgery or for other medical purposes.

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