Suppose a New Social Casework Program Is Offered to Students

question 28

Multiple Choice

Suppose a new social casework program is offered to students with high levels of truancy. If those students placed in the program by their families have significantly less truancy after participating than the students who did not participate in the program, then we can conclude that:​

• A) ​the program effectively reduces truancy.
• B) a selection bias might explain away the difference.​
• C) causality cannot be inferred because of the lack of covariation.​
• D) some clients benefited, so the program has value.​

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Definitions:

Illusory Correlation

The perception of a relationship between two variables even when no such relationship exists, often due to cognitive biases.

Predictive Accuracy

The degree to which a forecast or prediction correctly anticipates future events or outcomes.

Random Assignment

A method used in experiments where participants are allocated to different groups in a way that ensures each has an equal chance of being assigned to any group, reducing bias.

Cause and Effect

The principle that every event (effect) has one or more causes; the basis of logical reasoning and scientific investigation.