Suppose a Case Management Program Is Established to Reduce Rehospitalization

question 2

Multiple Choice

Suppose a case management program is established to reduce rehospitalization rates in a hospital and that those rates drop dramatically once the new program is established. We can conclude that:​

• A) ​research has demonstrated an effective approach to practice.
• B) causality cannot be inferred because time order was not established.​
• C) another event occurring during the time of the study might explain away the change.​
• D) the absence of covariation threatens the internal validity of any causal inferences.​

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Definitions:

Predetermined Overhead Rate

is calculated before a period begins and is used to allocate manufacturing overhead costs to products based on a chosen activity basis, such as labor hours or machine hours.

Variable Manufacturing Overhead

Indirect production costs that vary with the level of output, such as utilities or indirect labor.

Direct Labor-Hours

The total hours worked by employees directly involved in the manufacturing process, often used as a basis for allocating manufacturing overhead to products.

Fixed Manufacturing Overhead

Costs associated with the production process that do not vary with the level of output, including costs like rent, salaries of permanent staff, and machinery depreciation.