Suppose a Case Management Program Is Established to Reduce Rehospitalization

question 2

Multiple Choice

Suppose a case management program is established to reduce rehospitalization rates in a hospital and that those rates drop dramatically once the new program is established. We can conclude that:​

• A) ​research has demonstrated an effective approach to practice.
• B) causality cannot be inferred because time order was not established.​
• C) another event occurring during the time of the study might explain away the change.​
• D) the absence of covariation threatens the internal validity of any causal inferences.​

---

Definitions:

Calcium Ions

Charged calcium particles (Ca2+) that play critical roles in biological processes, including muscle contraction, neurotransmitter release, and cell signaling.

Troponin

A regulatory protein in the actin filaments of muscle fibers.

Actin

Actin is a globular protein that forms filaments, which are crucial for various cellular processes including muscle contraction and cell motility.

Rheumatoid Arthritis

A chronic inflammatory disorder affecting joints, including those in the hands and feet, characterized by joint pain, swelling, and stiffness.