Pre-Experimental Designs​

question 8

Multiple Choice

Pre-experimental designs​

• A) ​are insufficient for drawing causal inferences.
• B) control for most sources of internal invalidity.​
• C) control for most sources of external invalidity.​
• D) are excellent for drawing causal inferences.​

---

Definitions:

Cathartic Use

The employment of a substance or activity that accelerates defecation, typically for therapeutic reasons.

Rectal Skin Breakdown

Damage or ulceration of the skin around the rectum, often due to prolonged pressure or moisture, leading to discomfort and risk of infection.

Fecal Incontinence

Inability to control bowel movements, leading to unintended passage of feces or stool.

Clostridium Difficile Infection

A bacterial infection causing severe diarrhea and more serious intestinal conditions, often associated with antibiotic use.