Examlex
Administering multiple pretests in quasi-experiments using nonequivalent comparison groups helps in detecting whether participants were already engaged in a change process before treatment began.
Lurking Variables
Variables that are not directly studied within an experiment but can affect the outcome of the study or the relationship between studied variables.
Confounding Variables
Variables that the researcher failed to control, or eliminate, damaging the internal validity of an experiment by potentially influencing the dependent variable.
Random Assignment
A method used in experiments to assign participants or items to different groups in a way that each has an equal chance of being in any group.
Placebo
A substance with no therapeutic effect, used as a control in testing new drugs, or to influence a participant's belief in the efficacy of a treatment.
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