An Orthotopic Neobladder Is Surgically Created as a Bladder Substitute

question 21

Multiple Choice

An orthotopic neobladder is surgically created as a bladder substitute after a cystectomy,prostatectomy,or hysterectomy is performed for bladder cancer.Bladder substitution relies on meticulous dissection with preservation of the urinary sphincter and neurovascular bundles,as well as a watertight urethral anastomosis.Also termed the "Le Bag continent diversion," what segments of the bowel and/or small intestine are used in this technique to create the neobladder?

• A) Segment of sigmoid colon
• B) Right colon and ileum
• C) Proximal right colon segment with cecum
• D) Transverse colon

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Public Good

A product or service that is non-excludable and non-rivalrous, meaning its use by one individual does not reduce availability to others, and people cannot be effectively excluded from using the good.

Optimal Level

The most favorable or desirable point or state for achieving the best outcome or maximum effectiveness.

Free Rider

Consumer or producer who does not pay for a nonexclusive good in the expectation that others will.

Vertical Summation

A method used to derive the market demand curve by adding the quantities demanded by all individuals at each price level, vertically.