Contrast Media-Induced Nephrotoxicity (CIN)can Occur as a Result of a Physiologic

question 9

Multiple Choice

Contrast media-induced nephrotoxicity (CIN) can occur as a result of a physiologic change when a transient increase in blood flow is then followed by a longer period of decreased blood flow to the kidneys,after the administration of contrast media.Which statement best describes a true risk factor for CIN?

• A) Biphasic renal flow has been shown to induce CIN.
• B) Underlying renal insufficiency is believed to be a predictor of CIN.
• C) Diabetic patients with concurrent use of nephrotoxic drugs and dehydration comprise the majority of patients with CIN.
• D) Vasodilatation,toxic stress,and tubular necrosis are known contributing factors as cited by a recent study.

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Definitions:

Temperate Regions

Areas of the Earth characterized by moderate temperatures, neither extremely hot nor cold.

Abiotic Factors

Elements of the nonliving, physical environment that affect a particular organism. Compare with biotic factors.

Temperature

A measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a system, indicating how hot or cold the system is.

Latitude

Latitude refers to a geographic coordinate that specifies the north-south position of a point on the Earth's surface.