What Is the Problem with Using Retrospective Studies to Look

question 6

Multiple Choice

What is the problem with using retrospective studies to look at the determinants of learning?

• A) The omitted variable problem means that the causal effect of some variables are understated
• B) The omitted variable problem means that the causal effect of some variables are overstated
• C) The over-inclusion variable problem means that the causal effect of some variables are understated
• D) The over-inclusion variable problem means that the causal effect of some variables are overstated

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Definitions:

Failing Course

Relates to not achieving the required minimum grade or criteria to pass an academic course.

Escalation Of Commitment

The phenomenon where people increase their investment in a decision despite evidence suggesting it may be wrong.

Rational Model

A decision-making approach based on careful analysis and logical evaluation of alternatives to achieve the most favorable outcome.

Decision Making

The cognitive process of selecting a course of action among multiple alternatives, often resulting in a final choice or judgment.