A Patient with Multisystem Trauma Has Been in the ICU

question 15

Multiple Choice

A patient with multisystem trauma has been in the ICU for 6 days after sustaining a closed head injury,a right-sided pneumothorax,right rib fractures,a grade IV liver laceration,a pancreatic contusion,and a right acetabular fracture.The patient is still intubated and mechanically ventilated and has a chest tube,Foley catheter,and two abdominal drains.The patient's hemodynamic assessment reveals the following values: BP,94/66 mm Hg; HR,118 beats/min; T,38.7° C; CVP,5 cm H₂O; wedge pressure,6 mm Hg; cardiac index,6.1; and systemic vascular resistance,450 dyns/sec.The patient is at the greatest risk to develop

• A) respiratory failure.
• B) infection.
• C) venous thromboembolism
• D) fat embolism syndrome.

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Definitions:

NREM Sleep

Non-rapid eye movement sleep, which is a restorative sleep phase that includes deeper, more restful stages of sleep compared to REM sleep.

Kisspeptin

A small protein that is produced by specialized cells in the hypothalamus and plays a key role in the activation of the HPG axis.

HPG Axis

The hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, a complex set of interactions among the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and gonadal glands that regulate reproductive and hormonal functions.

Hypothalamus

A brain structure, located just above the brain stem, that performs a number of important tasks, including the regulation of hunger, thirst, and sexual desire, and connects the nervous system to the endocrine system.