How Was Most of the Helium in the Universe Created

question 167

Multiple Choice

How was most of the helium in the universe created?

• A) by nuclear reactions in the cores of stars and then thrown out into space by supernovae
• B) by high-energy processes during the collapse of pregalactic clouds during the formation of galaxies
• C) by nuclear reactions during the first 3 minutes following the Big Bang
• D) by the collision of cosmic rays with hydrogen nuclei in interstellar gas clouds

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Definitions:

Sum Of Squares

A statistical technique used to measure the dispersion or variation within a data set, calculated by squaring each deviation from the mean and summing these squares.

Error

The difference between the observed value and the true value of a quantity.

Dependent Variable

In an experimental setting, the variable being tested and measured, presumed to change in response to variations in the independent variable.

Sample Correlation Coefficient

A numerical value that determines both the magnitude and direction of a straight-line association between two variables measured quantitatively in a given sample.