When Hubble First Calculated the Recessional Speeds of Galaxies in the 1920s,he

question 116

Multiple Choice

When Hubble first calculated the recessional speeds of galaxies in the 1920s,he used the:

• A) Doppler shift relationship. This was an error, and the calculations had to be repeated using the cosmological redshift relationship.
• B) Doppler shift relationship. This was an error, and the calculations had to be repeated using the gravitational redshift relationship.
• C) Doppler shift relationship. This was correct because the non-relativistic cosmological redshift relationship gives the same result.
• D) the cosmological redshift relationship. This was an error, and the calculations had to be repeated using the Doppler shift relationship.

Describe criteria such as "Comprehensiveness" and "Productivity" for evaluating comparative reasoning.

Analyze the role of comparative reasoning in ethical discussions and decision-making.

Develop the ability to discern between more and less comprehensive comparisons in reasoning.

Develop the ability to discern between more and less productive comparisons in reasoning.

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Definitions:

Confounding Variables

Variables that the researcher failed to control, or eliminate, damaging the internal validity of an experiment by potentially influencing the dependent variable.

Random Assignment

A method used in experiments to assign participants or items to different groups in a way that each has an equal chance of being in any group.

Placebo

A substance with no therapeutic effect, used as a control in testing new drugs, or to influence a participant's belief in the efficacy of a treatment.

Acupuncture Treatments

Involves the insertion of thin needles through the skin at strategic points on the body, used primarily for pain relief and therapeutic purposes in traditional Chinese medicine.