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How Can One Establish Causality Between Two Factors

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How can one establish causality between two factors?


Definitions:

Pulse Oximetry

A non-invasive method of measuring the oxygen saturation level of the blood using a sensor placed on a thin part of the patient's body.

Gel Polish

A durable type of nail polish cured under a UV or LED light, known for its high gloss and long-lasting wear.

Hemoglobin Level

A measurement of the concentration of hemoglobin in the blood, which is crucial for carrying oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body.

Intensive Care Unit

A specialized hospital department that provides intensive treatment medicine for patients who are in critical condition.

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