Two Students Took a Memory Test

question 3

Multiple Choice

Two students took a memory test. Twenty nouns were shown sequentially on a TV monitor. Mallory tried to think of rhymes for each word as it appeared on the monitor. Bailey tried to think of ways each word could be used in a sentence. Which of the following should you predict based on Craik and Lockhart's levels-of-processing theory?

• A)Mallory will have better recall of the words because she used semantic encoding.
• B)Bailey will have better recall of the words because she used semantic encoding.
• C)Bailey will have poorer recall of the words because she used structural encoding.
• D)Both students should have equivalent recall of the words.

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Definitions:

Target Response

A desired behavior or outcome that is identified for reinforcement in order to increase its occurrence, often used in behavior modification techniques.

Reinforcement

Reinforcement is a principle in behavioral psychology where the likelihood of a behavior is increased by following it with a positive stimulus or removing a negative one.

Stimulus Generalization

The tendency for the conditioned response to be evoked not only by the conditioned stimulus but also by stimuli similar to the conditioned stimulus.

Gradual Acquisition

The slow and incremental process of obtaining or developing skills, knowledge, or abilities over time.