Victoria Has a Huge Phobia of Spiders

question 42

Multiple Choice

Victoria has a huge phobia of spiders. Victoria is currently dating Joshua who owns a pet tarantula. Victoria refuses to even be in the same room as Joshua's tarantula. Joshua is trying to help Victoria overcome her fear of his tarantula.
-According to Martin Seligman,what is a likely explanation of Victoria's pathological fear of spiders

• A) Evolution has programmed humans to readily acquire a fear of spiders.
• B) When Victoria was young she was bitten by a spider and had a nasty allergic reaction.
• C) Victoria does not really like Joshua and has paired the unpleasant feeling of being with him with the presence of the tarantula.
• D) Through higher-order conditioning, Victoria has associated spiders with aversive feelings.

---

Definitions:

Recall Events

The act of retrieving memories of past events.

Dependent Variable

the variable in a study or experiment that is expected to change in response to manipulations of the independent variable.

Self-Reported Mood

A method of assessment where individuals describe their current mood state or feelings typically through questionnaires or interviews.

Independent Variable

The variable in an experiment that is manipulated or changed to observe its effect on the dependent variable.