Which Pair of Processes Are Involved in the Acquisition of Phobias

question 79

Multiple Choice

Which pair of processes are involved in the acquisition of phobias and also the tendency of phobias to show a high resistance to extinction

• A) classical and operant conditioning 
• B) positive and negative reinforcement 
• C) operant conditioning and observation learning 
• D) reinforcement and punishment

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Definitions:

Depersonalisation

The perception and treatment of self and others not as unique individual persons but as prototypical embodiments of a social group.

Ingroup Prototype

The most representative or ideal example of the characteristics and behaviors of an ingroup, serving as a standard or model for group members.

Outgroup Prototype

refers to the generalized, often simplified, perceptions or stereotypes that individuals hold about members of a group to which they do not belong.

Relative Homogeneity Effect

A perception bias where individuals see out-group members as more similar to each other than in-group members, often leading to stereotyping.