By What Specific Criterion Should You Judge the Results or Findings

question 25

Multiple Choice

By what specific criterion should you judge the results or findings of experimental research?

• A) The size of the experimental group compared with the size of the control group
• B) The validity that the experimental treatment caused the desired effect on the outcome
• C) The degree to which the research questions were congruent with the hypotheses and the purpose of the study
• D) The degree to which the researcher was able to apply the findings to clinical or practice settings

---

Definitions:

Biofeedback Training

A technique that teaches individuals to improve their health by controlling certain bodily processes that normally happen involuntarily.

Operant Conditioning

A learning process through which the strength of a behavior is modified by reinforcement or punishment, introduced by B.F. Skinner.

Unconditioned Response

A naturally occurring response to an unconditioned stimulus, such as salivating when smelling food.

Fixed-ratio Schedule

A schedule of reinforcement where a response is reinforced only after a specified number of responses, leading to a rapid response rate followed by a short pause.