The Reinforcement Explanation of Smoking Assumes That,for Someone Who Becomes

question 18

Multiple Choice

The reinforcement explanation of smoking assumes that,for someone who becomes a smoker,

• A) the positive consequences outweigh the negative ones.
• B) the negative stimulus of one's first attempts at smoking arouses a corresponding positive process.
• C) the positive stimulus of one's first attempts at smoking arouses a corresponding negative process.
• D) no negative consequences are experienced.

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Definitions:

Cultural Context

The various social, religious, economic, and cultural circumstances that influence the environment in which individuals live and interact.

Cognitive Theory

A theory of psychology that emphasizes internal states, such as motivation, problem-solving, decision-making, and perception, in understanding behavior.

Observable Behaviors

Actions or reactions of an individual in various situations, which are visible and can be scientifically recorded or analyzed.

Cultural Influence

The impact that the shared beliefs, values, norms, and practices of a culture have on the attitudes and behaviors of its members.