An IndustryWeek Survey of 845 Line Managers from Diverse Organizations

question 96

Multiple Choice

An IndustryWeek survey of 845 line managers from diverse organizations found that only 29 percent of first-level supervisors thought that their organization encouraged employees to express opinions openly. Which of the following do the overwhelming majority of these supervisors most likely engage in?

• A)organizational silence  
• B)organizational filtering  
• C)negative grapevining  
• D)lower-level filtering

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Definitions:

External Validity

The extent to which the results of a study can be generalized or applied beyond the specific conditions of the study.

Experimental Settings

Environments or arrangements in which experimental research is conducted, designed to isolate and control variables affecting the outcome of the study.

External Validity

The extent to which the results of a study can be generalized or applied to contexts outside the original research setting.

Validity of an Experiment

This refers to the extent to which the results of an experiment accurately reflect the reality or truth of the situation being studied.