Under Which of the Following Evolutionary Explanations for Disease Does

question 14

Multiple Choice

Under which of the following evolutionary explanations for disease does the antagonistic pleiotropy hypothesis for aging fall?

• A)Natural selection has not had time to catch up with environmental changes.
• B)Natural selection lacks foresight; we are stuck with historically contingent relics of the past.
• C)Natural selection favors reproductive success, even at the expense of vulnerability to disease.
• D)Some disease symptoms, though unpleasant, are actually beneficial.

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Definitions:

Expected Return

The anticipated return on an investment, considering the probabilities of various outcomes.

Downside Risk

The potential loss that could occur in an investment due to adverse price movements.

Geometric Average Return

A method for calculating the average rate of return on an investment, which accounts for the effects of compound interest.

Rates of Return

The gains or losses on an investment over a specified period, expressed as a percentage of the investment's cost.