The Advantage of Using Outside Independent Observers or Pre/post-Test Comparisons

question 16

Multiple Choice

The advantage of using outside independent observers or pre/post-test comparisons to evaluate a client's progress is that ________

• A) they take less time and are less costly.
• B) they increase the objectivity of ratings over those given by the people involved in treatment.
• C) they ensure that there is no "regression to the mean" phenomenon.
• D) they provide a valid prediction of how the client will behave in real life.

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Definitions:

Effect Size

A quantitative measure of the strength of a phenomenon or the magnitude of a difference in a statistical analysis.

Cramér's V

A measure of association between two nominal variables, giving a value between 0 and 1 to indicate the strength of association.

Null Hypothesis

A statement that assumes no effect or no difference in a statistical hypothesis test, serving as a default or starting assumption.

High Crime Area

A geographical region or locality that experiences a higher incidence of criminal activities compared to surrounding areas.