Identify the Examples Below as DRO,DRA,or DRL

question 9

Short Answer

Identify the examples below as DRO,DRA,or DRL.
​
___________ Tony,a four year old boy,frequently squirmed in church and disrupted the people sitting near him.Dad decided to use differential reinforcement.When they first got to church,Dad told Tony if he didn't squirm,he could earn stickers.Once church started,Dad gave Tony a sticker after every 10 minutes that he did not squirm.
​
___________ Mary was supposed to do her homework at the kitchen table in the evening.Frequently Mary talked to Mom while she was supposed to be studying.Mom usually talked to Mary for a few minutes each time Mary spoke to her.Mom decided on a plan to get Mary to talk less while studying.Whenever Mary was studying,Mom would praise her,but when Mary tried to talk to Mom,Mom would walk out of the room without responding to Mary.
​
___________ Claire,a woman with intellectual disability working in a workshop,got up and went to the bathroom 5 or 6 times each morning and 5 or 6 times each afternoon.She recently had a physical,so there was no medical problem.The supervisor implemented a program in which Claire earned a token if she went to the bathroom no more than 2 times in the morning and not more than 2 times in the afternoon.She later traded her tokens in for back-up reinforcers.

---

Definitions:

Negative Punishment

A behavioral psychology term where the removal of a desirable stimulus occurs after a behavior, leading to a decrease in that behavior.

Aggressive Behavior

Refers to actions or attitudes that can lead to hostility or attacks on others, often stemming from anger or frustration.

Modeling

A method of learning that involves observing and mimicking the behavior of others.

Ineffective Punishment

A form of discipline that fails to decrease the occurrence of a behavior; it may lack consistency, immediacy, or connection to the specific behavior.