Which of the Following Functions Are Served by Spacer and Holding

question 8

Multiple Choice

Which of the following functions are served by spacer and holding chambers in conjunction with pMDIs?
I. Reduction in oropharyngeal deposition of drug
II. Elimination of the "cold Freon effect"
III. Improvement in lower respiratory tract deposition
IV. Decrease in treatment time without sacrificing efficacy

• A) I and III only
• B) II and IV only
• C) I, II, and III only
• D) I, III, and IV only

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Definitions:

Avolition

A lack of motivation or ability to initiate and persist in goal-directed behaviors, often seen in psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia.

Tactile Hallucination

The false perception of physical touch or sensation on the skin without any physical cause.

Somatic Hallucination

False perceptions or sensations in the body that have no physical source, such as feeling insects crawling on the skin.

Auditory Hallucination

An experience involving hearing sounds, usually voices, that are not present in external reality.