In a Laboratory, Smokers Are Asked to "Drive" Using a Computerized

question 361

Multiple Choice

In a laboratory, smokers are asked to "drive" using a computerized driving simulator equipped with a stick shift and a gas pedal. The object is to maximize the distance covered by driving as fast as possible on a winding road while avoiding rear-end collisions. Some of the subjects smoke a real cigarette immediately before climbing into the driver's seat. Others smoke a fake cigarette without nicotine. You are interested in comparing how many collisions the two groups have. In this study, the cigarette without nicotine is:

• A) a placebo.
• B) a double-blind procedure.
• C) an hypothesis.
• D) a dependent variable.

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Definitions:

Organizational Design

The process of structuring an organization's roles, responsibilities, and systems to achieve its goals efficiently and effectively.

Particular Organizational Design

A unique configuration of an organization's structures, processes, and systems designed to achieve its goals and address specific challenges.

Professional Bureaucracy

An organizational structure that relies heavily on the expertise and professionalism of its members rather than on strict hierarchies or rules.

Horizontal Specialization

A division of labor where tasks are divided among employees at the same level within an organization, based on skills or expertise.