It Is Interesting to Note That the Two Individuals Most

question 187

Essay

It is interesting to note that the two individuals most closely associated with behaviourism didn't plan the aspects of their research findings that became influential worldwide. Explain how Ivan Pavlov won a Nobel Prize for his work on digestion, but became renowned for his work on conditioning. Years later, when B. F. Skinner ran low on food pellets for his rats, he made a fortuitous discovery regarding reinforcement schedules. Describe Skinner's research regarding these schedules.

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Definitions:

Dispositional Attributions

The tendency to attribute someone's behavior to their personality or disposition rather than to external factors.

Situational Attributions

The process of explaining someone's behavior based on external factors or the situation.

Western Countries

Refers to nations primarily located in the Western Hemisphere, often associated with economies that are relatively developed and democratic political systems.

Fundamental Attribution Error

The tendency, in explaining other people’s behavior, to overestimate personality factors and underestimate the influence of the situation.