The Directionality Problem in Correlational Research Refers To

question 131

Multiple Choice

The directionality problem in correlational research refers to:

• A)The common tendency for inexperienced researchers to mistakenly interpret a negative correlation as a positive correlation
• B)Being unable to detect causal relations from correlational data
• C)The biases of the researcher leading him or her astray from the truth
• D)None of the above

---

Definitions:

Self-serving Bias

In attribution, the tendency for people to take personal credit for acts that yield positive outcomes and to deflect blame for bad outcomes by attributing them to external causes.

Fundamental Attribution Error

The tendency to overemphasize personality-based explanations for behaviors observed in others while underestimating the influence of situational factors.

Actor-observer Difference

The tendency to attribute one's own actions to situational factors while attributing others' actions to their personal characteristics.

Self-fulfilling Prophecy

A belief or expectation that influences actions in a way that causes the belief to become true.