Which of the Following Statements Is/are True of Null Hypotheses

question 68

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements is/are true of null hypotheses?

• A) They state that there is no relationship between variables.
• B) They are used to determine how likely it is that observed results are due to chance alone.
• C) They are hypotheses that researchers typically hope to retain.
• D) a and b are true.
• E) a, b, and c are true.

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Definitions:

Scientific Essence

The fundamental qualities or characteristics that form the basis of scientific inquiry and knowledge.

Theory-Driven Research

Research that is guided by a theoretical framework, which helps in formulating hypotheses, designing the study, and interpreting results.

Empirical Test

A process of using direct or indirect observation or experience to gather evidence and test hypotheses or theories.

Systematic Observation

A structured method of data collection where phenomena or behaviors are consistently monitored according to specific criteria and recorded for analysis.