Exhibit 7-7: a Group of Curriculum Designers Has Developed a New

question 107

Multiple Choice

Exhibit 7-7: A group of curriculum designers has developed a new system for teaching phonics to young children.They randomly selected 24 kindergarten students to receive either the old phonics method or the new phonics method.The designers realized that kindergartens have morning and afternoon classes, so they wanted to build this factor into the research design.The following is the mean, standard deviation, and number for each group.
$\begin{array}{lll}\text { Morning } & {\text { Old }}{} & {\text { New }}{} \\ & 16.33 & 13.50 \\ &1.03 & 2.74 \\& 6 & 6 \\ \text { Afternoon } & 13.17 & 16.83 \\ & 3.55 & 2.14 \\ & 6 & 6\end{array}$
The following is an incomplete summary table of the analysis of variance:
$\begin{array}{ll}\underline { \text { Source }} & \underline { \text { SS }} & \underline { \text { df }} & \underline { \text { MS}} & \underline { \text { F}}\\\text { Time of Day } & 0.042 \\\text { Lesson Design } & 1.042 \\\text { Interaction }\\\text { Error } & 128.500 \\\text { Total } & 102950\end{array}$
-Refer to Exhibit 7-7.What are the degrees of freedom for Lesson Design?

• A) 1
• B) 2
• C) 20
• D) 24

---

Definitions:

Life Estate

A property interest that lasts for the life of a specific individual, after which ownership can revert to another person or entity.

Conditional

Depending on or subject to one or more conditions or requirements being met.

Leasehold

Leasehold refers to a property interest that allows the holder (lessee) to use the property for a fixed period of time under the terms of a lease agreement.

Marital Tenancy

A form of joint ownership of property by married couples, often implying equal rights to the property.