Exhibit 7-4: a Group of Researchers Has Developed a Method

question 109

Multiple Choice

Exhibit 7-4: A group of researchers has developed a method that they hypothesize will improve physics test scores.They randomly selected nine students to participate in their study.The nine students were administered an ACT test, trained in the new method, and then administered an alternate form of the ACT test.The following data are their scores:
$\begin{array}{lll}\text {Subject } & {\text {Test 1 }}{} & \text {Test 2 } \\ 1 & 20 & 19 \\ 2 & 20 & 20 \\ 3 & 24 & 21 \\ 4 & 24 & 24 \\ 5 & 24 & 22 \\ 6 & 17 & 15 \\ 7 & 18 & 15 \\ 8 & 18 & 16 \\ 9 & 20& 18\end{array}$
-Refer to Exhibit 7-4.What is the observed value for the chosen statistic?

• A) .94
• B) 1.172
• C) 4.603
• D) None of these are true.

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Definitions:

Optic Chiasm

Junction of the optic nerves, one from each eye, at which the axons from the nasal halves of the retinas cross to the brain’s opposite side.

Hypothalamus

A region of the brain that regulates vital bodily functions, including temperature, hunger, thirst, fatigue, sleep, and circadian rhythms.

Sleep State

A natural, reversible state of reduced responsiveness to external stimuli and relative inactivity, accompanied by complex physiological processes essential for health.

Brain-Wave Activity

The patterns of neuronal electrical oscillations in the brain, detectable with technologies like EEG, associated with different states of consciousness, sleep, and cognitive processes.