Exhibit 7-7: a Group of Curriculum Designers Has Developed a New

question 27

Multiple Choice

Exhibit 7-7: A group of curriculum designers has developed a new system for teaching phonics to young children.They randomly selected 24 kindergarten students to receive either the old phonics method or the new phonics method.The designers realized that kindergartens have morning and afternoon classes, so they wanted to build this factor into the research design.The following is the mean, standard deviation, and number for each group.
$\begin{array}{lll}\text { Morning } & {\text { Old }}{} & {\text { New }}{} \\ & 16.33 & 13.50 \\ &1.03 & 2.74 \\& 6 & 6 \\ \text { Afternoon } & 13.17 & 16.83 \\ & 3.55 & 2.14 \\ & 6 & 6\end{array}$
The following is an incomplete summary table of the analysis of variance:
$\begin{array}{ll}\underline { \text { Source }} & \underline { \text { SS }} & \underline { \text { df }} & \underline { \text { MS}} & \underline { \text { F}}\\\text { Time of Day } & 0.042 \\\text { Lesson Design } & 1.042 \\\text { Interaction }\\\text { Error } & 128.500 \\\text { Total } & 102950\end{array}$
-Refer to Exhibit 7-7.What is the F value for the Interaction?

• A) .006
• B) .162
• C) 9.864
• D) None of these are true.

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Definitions:

Piaget's Cognitive Theory

A theory of cognitive development that outlines how children's abilities to think and reason evolve through four distinct stages as they grow.

Adolescence

A transitional stage of physical and psychological development that generally occurs during the period from puberty to legal adulthood.

Discrimination

Unjust prejudicial treatment of different categories of people, especially on the grounds of race, age, sex, or disability.

Ethnic Culture

The shared customs, traditions, values, beliefs, and identity within a group of people who identify with each other based on common ancestral, social, cultural, or national experiences.