A Major Problem with Observational Research Is That

question 75

Multiple Choice

A major problem with observational research is that

• A) it cannot be used with young children.
• B) only the simplest type of behavior can be observed.
• C) the presence of the observer may change the subject's behavior.
• D) no standardized instruments are available for use with observation.

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Definitions:

Situationism

A theory in psychology that suggests human behavior is greatly influenced by external situational factors rather than by internal traits or motivations.

Fundamental Attribution Error

The tendency for observers to underestimate situational influences and overestimate personal characteristics when explaining others' behaviors.

Actor-observer Effect

The tendency to attribute one's own actions to external factors while attributing others' actions to their character or disposition.

Self-serving Bias

A cognitive bias where individuals attribute their successes to personal factors and their failures to external factors, often to maintain self-esteem.