Ex Post Facto Research Is Less Convincing Than Experimental Research

question 24

Multiple Choice

Ex post facto research is less convincing than experimental research because

• A) there is no control over the dependent variables.
• B) differences in the independent variable were present before the start of the study.
• C) differences in the dependent variable were present before the start of the study.
• D) the independent variable preceded the dependent variable in time.
• E) b and c

Understand the neurobiological underpinnings of language development in young children.

Recognize the long-term impact of aversive childhood experiences on mental health.

Describe the process of brain growth and its components up to adolescence.

Identify the stages of motor development in infants and toddlers.

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Definitions:

Continuous Schedule

In operant conditioning, a reinforcement schedule where every instance of the desired behavior is reinforced.

Observational Learning

Learning that occurs through observing the behavior of others, also known as modeling.

Bandura

Albert Bandura, a renowned psychologist best known for his social learning theory, emphasizing the importance of observational learning, self-efficacy, and self-regulation.

Watson

John B. Watson, an American psychologist who established the psychological school of behaviorism, emphasizing the study of observable behavior.