Estradiol Is a Type of Estrogen Whose Hormone Effects Promote

question 30

Multiple Choice

Estradiol is a type of estrogen whose hormone effects promote female sex characteristics. Its structure consists of various carbon-hydrogen rings and it is a lipid, but not a prostaglandin. Knowing the structure, how would you expect this hormone to cause a response in a target cell?

• A)Estradiol will bind to a receptor on the surface of its target cell, causing a secondary messenger to be activated.
• B)Estradiol will act as a second messenger in a receptor-mediated pathway after a primary messenger binds to a membrane receptor.
• C)Estradiol will enter the plasma membrane of a target cell directly and bind to an intercellular receptor, causing a change in gene expression.
• D)Estradiol will act as a paracrine signal and inactivate adenylate cyclase inside the cell, stopping production of cAMP.

Understand the application of DNA analysis techniques in genetic screening and diversity studies.

Know the concepts of linkage analysis and reverse genetics.

Explain the basis and strategies for emerging treatments in genetic diseases.

Understand the significance of the curve on a cam displacement diagram.

---

Definitions:

Reciprocal Determinism

Bandura’s concept of a mutual influential relationship among behavior, cognitive factors, and environment.

Bandura

Albert Bandura, a psychologist known for his work on social learning theory and the concept of self-efficacy.

Feelings Of Inferiority

Emotional states characterized by a lack of self-worth or a sense that one is lesser than others, often examining personal or social standards.

Extraversion

A personality trait characterized by sociability, talkativeness, assertiveness, and high levels of emotional expressiveness.