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The tolerance model of succession posits that later successional species are neither inhibited nor aided by species of earlier stages.
Withholding Taxes
Taxes that employers deduct from employees' wages and pay directly to the government as a part of income tax obligations.
Net Pay
The amount of money an employee receives after all deductions, such as taxes and retirement contributions, have been subtracted from their gross pay.
Allowances
Reductions from the list price of goods or services, granted for various reasons such as defects or customer dissatisfaction.
Wage Base Limit
The maximum amount of income on which employees are required to pay certain taxes, such as social security taxes.
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