When the Results of a Study Are Opposite of What

question 42

Multiple Choice

When the results of a study are opposite of what was hypothesized, one should

• A) question the reliability and validity of the instruments used to measure the dependent variable.
• B) report the flaws in the methodology and design that caused the opposite results.
• C) report the opposite results.
• D) All of these are true.

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Definitions:

Lumbar

Relating to the lower part of the spine, composed of five vertebrae between the rib cage and the pelvis, often associated with back pain when referencing the anatomical area.

Thoracic

Related to the chest region of the body, particularly concerning the ribs, heart, and lungs.

Sacral

Pertaining to the sacrum, the triangular bone at the bottom of the spine between the two hip bones.

Cervical

Relating to the cervix, the narrow passage forming the lower end of the uterus, or the neck region of the spine.